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Ending the Great H1 Debate

Keith Muth
Keith Muth, ON THE TOPIC OF General
Mar20 23

Most of us have seen the website The H1 Debate where people could vote on whether the H1 should only be used as a site's logo OR used as a the main heading on a page. The point being that you could only use one H1 on a page. This inspired Josh to blog about the extremely violent disputes we have had about the subject around the office. I've always thought it was fine to use multiple H1's on a page where appropriate and sparingly. However many people, such as SEO experts, have claimed that using multiple H1's on a page is frowned upon by the search engine gods (such as Google) since it could appear you were loading your site with dirty SEO tactics thus hurting your page ranking. Today Samantha sent me an interesting video from Google software engineer Matt Cutts on the Google Webmaster Central Channel that seems to quell the debate:

In the words of Brian Talbot, "Let there be peace among the semantic masses"

 

John said on 03/20 at 07:54 PM

For years I used H1 as the name of the site and the H2 as the page title, but recently I’ve moved towards using H1s for the page title and just wrapping the site name / logo in a container div; it was the usability of screen readers that changed my mind.

Apparently, it gets really old to hear the name of the site you’re on over and over again when you’re navigating via headers with a screen reader. That usability question pretty much settles it for me.

Keith Muth said on 03/20 at 09:23 PM

John,
That’s a really good point about the screen readers repeating the site name. That would be really annoying. I also feel like the <title> tag usually contains the site name anyway so there isn’t a point putting it in a H1...although I have been doing it for most of my sites. Maybe its time for a change. Thanks for the comment.

Henrik said on 03/21 at 12:25 AM

Both great points! What tag would you then suggest you should use for the site’s logo (assuming a lot of sites do have a logo)?

John said on 03/21 at 07:04 AM

@Keith, not all page titles and h1s are the same now, although they might serve the same semantic difference. Page titles often have the site name as well (as yours does) and some people have started putting directly-worded, SEO-friendly headlines in the title and the cute, more pithy headline on the page.

@Henrik, if we don’t put the site logo / title in an H1, we usually put it in some other markup (like a DIV or a navigation UL) with an ID. Unfortunately we don’t have a properly semantic “brand” tag in XHTML, but using an H1 for site branding isn’t exactly semantic either.

Darren McPherson said on 03/21 at 08:09 AM

I only use 1 h1.

“with H1 as the most important”
-www.w3g.org

To me the h1 is, what this page is all about. The fundamental reason why this page exists. h2’s are subs of h1, h3 of h2’s and so on.

For me having multiple h1’s doesn’t make sense.

You have an h1 at the top.

<h1>Darren’s Resume</h1>

<h1>Darren’s Eductation</h1>
<h2>University</h2>
Blah

<h2>College</h2>
Blah

<h2>High School</h2>
blah

This doesn’t really make sense. Because everything below “Darren’s Resume” all has to do with “Darren’s Resume”. The h1 encapsulates what this page is about.

it should be

<h1>Darren’s Resume</h1>
<h2>Darren’s Education</h2>
<h3>University</h3>
Blah

<h3>College</h3>
Blah

<h3>High School</h3>
BlahM/p>

<h2>Darren’s Hobbies</h2>

----- And so on. All the headings are heirarchical under the h1 which is the most important heading.

Anyways that’s my opinion and rant. As long as people are creating the sites in the best interest as many users as possible. (including, screen readers and spiders)

Keith Muth said on 03/21 at 01:40 PM

@Henrik I’ve seen people use <big> and <small> tags for the main logo and slogan, but I’m kind of wary of that because its they’re such odd elements. People think they can add more semantic meaning using those tags, but I agree with John’s method of just using a DIV with an ID of “logo”; seems like a popular method.

@Darren H1’s should be used where they make sense and you had a good example of how messed up the flow of content can get if you use them poorly. You have to think about why you’re using headings semantically and not just throw them on a page to get better SEO. Just like Matt Cutts said in the video, its fine to use multiple H1’s, but Google’s algorithm will get upset if you use them too much. It really comes down to how your content needs to be laid out and varies from project to project.

Darren McPherson said on 03/21 at 01:49 PM

@Keith

“You have to think about why you’re using headings semantically”

It’s all about semantics. Nothing I mentioned was about SEO. It was all about semantics and for users who hear the site rather than view the site. It just so happens a lot (if not all) of what screen readers see is what a spider see’s.

My mark up is all about making the document make sense.

Keith Muth said on 03/21 at 01:54 PM

@Darren Sorry if you thought I was directing the SEO comments at you. I was speaking to the community at large and supporting your previous comment. I agree that “It’s all about semantics”

Thomas Thomassen said on 03/21 at 08:23 PM

That’s a very interesting point. How the h1 is presented to screen readers. I just realised that on many of the sites I’ve done it’ll be the name of the site repeated at the beginning of the document every single time.

I will have to take this into better consideration from now on.

Paul Randall said on 03/22 at 08:17 AM

Hi,

I am the creator and designer of the H1 debate, and I am glad it is still creating discussion.

I posted my thoughts on the subject after researching it quite a bit over at my blog:

http://prandall.com/2009/02/06/the-h1-debate/

I’d love to hear more of your comments, especially from an accessibility and semantic point of view.

Darren McPherson said on 03/22 at 08:19 AM

@Paul Randall

“The H1 element defines a level-one heading. A document generally should have exactly one H1 element to mark the most important heading.”

-quoted from your site.

This is what I was trying to say but wasn’t explaining it very well :P

Mark Aaron Murnahaan said on 03/22 at 08:33 AM

My take on it is this: Google the term ... H1 tag. You will see one I wrote a long time ago right there on top. It has multiple h1 and it seems to work just fine. ;-) NOTE: the one I am referring to is on YourNew.com .

Todd said on 03/23 at 04:03 PM

“Mark Aaron Murnahaan said on 03/22 at 07:33 AM

My take on it is this: Google the term ... H1 tag. You will see one I wrote a long time ago right there on top.”

Actually, if you look now, you’re #2, right under the w3schools.

About the h1 debate. There should be NO debate. Here’s why;

H1 should be used for a logo and major headings within an HTML document, IMO. To each their own, use them according to how you want to use them or how the client wants you to use them in some cases.

This is why there are 6 levels to heading tags and ways through CSS to style them accordingly and to what the designer/site owner wants.

m. auayan said on 03/24 at 12:32 AM

i recently decided to shift to using a definition list for header markup.

the <dl> can be used as the header container, the <dt> can be used for the logo, and the <dd> naturally works for the slogan.

i wrote about it here: http://octidextro.us/2009/02/03/rethinking-header-markup/

Christian said on 03/24 at 03:14 PM

The fact that somebody’s asking if it’s okay to have more than one H1 on a page shows that they don’t know how to properly use header tags in the first place. It is amazing that in the web development world people still don’t know how to use HTML to properly structure their information. I use H1’s for the name of the entire site and H2’s for page titles and PHP to blend them together to create the content of the TITLE tag.  In my article at: http://developer.cmzmedia.com/?p=242 I demonstrate that this method does not harm SEO.

As Matt says in his video it is okay to have more than one H1 on a page . . . if it makes sense. The question is: How do you tell if it makes sense? The answer is: if the content in the multiple H1’s has equal weight as header content.

My blog entry goes into more detail. I don’t want to repeat too much info here. But, yes, I’m confident that it gives valuable info most people haven’t considered.

Mark Aaron Murnahan said on 03/30 at 05:54 AM

I find it rather amazing that people think they should just use H1 for the title of the site rather than its real use which is to define what the article is about. The purpose of the site should always be obvious based on overall content. The H1 should closely resemble the message of the title of the given page. The title of any given page is not always well reflected by the title of the site. Again, I refer to the example if you simply search for the topic of H1 tags, the answer is there, and I wrote it. :-) It is not tweaked or massaged. It is just a good example of h1 usage and it has been right there in position one or two for years. See Google: http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=h1+tags&btnG=Search

Christian said on 03/30 at 01:34 PM

I linked to my blog entry that clears up all this H1 debate but clearly nobody intends to read it.

Mark, your article is good insofar that it gets people to start using header tags as opposed to doing stuff like using P tags and adding classes to them like “headerText” that will then just make the text a little bigger while still not cluing the search engines in to the fact that it really is a header. But your article does not take into account that there is more than one header tag and that the search engines read down to at least level 4 headers and take that info into account when ranking pages. It also does not take into account that you can create a custom TITLE tag for a page by blending the content of various header tags.

Paul Randall said on 03/30 at 02:27 PM

Christian,

I believe many people, like myself are aware of the H1-H6 tags, but this debate was specifically aimed at what you should put inside the H1, hence I called the original site “The H1 Debate” and not “The Heading and Title Debate”

I do believe that there is a strong weighting for the Title tag (don’t make me try and find sources, please!), but this is a different issue to the one currently being discussed.

Christian said on 03/30 at 02:58 PM

I understand. That is all fine. I’m not trying to beat anybody into submission, just trying to help people see the finer points. I think it’s perfectly valid to look at the H1 issue all on its own but when I see the discussion that has been taking place where specific website examples are not referred to then I also see that the best clarification of truth is not being arrived at. I mention two examples in my blog entry of how H1’s are handled. They are handled a little differently in a way that makes sense for each case. I’ve wanted to add a third case and use your blog as an example. You have your entry about H1’s and the title of the entry reflects that. I think that is one case where you want the title of that entry to be the H1 because it is more important than the name of your blog (which also happens to be your name). You are saying, “In this case my personal name is not as important as what this particular entry is about,” and I agree with that with the proviso that that is likely to be the case only with blogs where somebody’s proper name is the name of the entire blog. I know I’m getting into nuances here but the nuances are what we have to be aware of if we want to arrive at truth.

The other reason I keep harping on this issue is that people seem to be discussing it as though what you put in your H1 is the only possible thing that could affect SEO but, from everything I can tell, refusing to look at other closely related issues is going to warp your understanding of the one issue.

“don’t make me try and find sources, please”

My own experience shows that the content of the TITLE tag is very important and I have given examples. I’ve mentioned a case where I create a TITLE tag by blending the H3 and then the H1 and that improved SEO immensely for that particular blog. With other sites I run that wouldn’t be the wisest course of action.

People don’t want to see the finer points here. They want to act like there are two options and two options only: You either make the name of your company or its logo your H1 or you make the title of a specific article within the larger site the H1. Then people quickly throw out their one reason why they feel for one side or the other. Then they get exhausted with the debate and throw their hands up in the air and go, “Really, just do whatever you want with the H1. There’s really no way to scientifically tell what you should do with it. It’s all a matter of opinion.” When I see people not picking up the finer points it’s a little disheartening.

Wayne Smallman (a.k.a Octane on Twitter) said on 04/02 at 04:32 AM

This articles comes along at a very apt time. I had a client meeting yesterday and I’ll be re-developing their website and adding a blog.

The design for the home page incorporates a tabbed system that reveals a different content area with a title. My intention was to use that space for the H1, but I didn’t like the idea of having multiple H1s.

My main concern was from a technical point of view, rather than any visual stand point, since the page would like fine visually.

Now that issue appears to have been resolved, so thanks!

snowboarders said on 04/02 at 11:14 PM

any idea what’s up with the windowboxing on youtube hd videos all of a sudden?

Jamie Allsop said on 04/30 at 03:40 AM

Your H1 is the post important heading on your page so I never would use it as your company name. I would style my company name as a p class with a style on it and use my H1 to tell people what that page is about.

Christian said on 04/30 at 12:31 PM

“Your H1 is the post important heading on your page so I never would use it as your company name. I would style my company name as a p class with a style on it and use my H1 to tell people what that page is about.”

I give up. You can give good, clear, helpful information to people and it still goes completely ignored. Without getting into the H1 debate itself again, one thing wrong with the prior post, and I’m only pointing out one thing, is that it proves there are web designers out there who use P tags with classes added to them to create headers rather than using header tags in the way they should.

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